Storage bin



J. GREAVES STORAGE BIN 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May 9, 1951 J. GREAVES Oct. 13, 1953 STORAGE BIN 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Filed May 9, 1951 .IINrOlibU INVENTOR. Greer/e5 Oct 13,l 1953 J, GREAVES v2,654,917

. l n STORAGE BIN n I Filed May 9, 1951 4 sheetsneet 5 HTTORNEY.

Patented Oct. 13, 1953 NT OFFICE u STORAGE BIN` y JosephGreaves, Toston, Mont.

Application Mny 9, 1951, serial No; `225,315

` (c1. o4- 1.2i l

3 Claims.

This invention relates primarily to a circular type storage bin, which bins are more particularly used for the storage of grain or other bulky material. The bin is preferably constructed substantially entirely of Wood and the same is erected in` such a manner as tomake the same strong, durable and long lasting. l

The main object of the invention isto construct a storage bin or building having the walls or sides thereof in the form of a circle, the sides being composed of a plurality of layers of siding boards which aresuperimposed upon each other, which thereby provides a `bin of1 extreme strength. t

Another object ofthe invention is to secure the superimposed siding boards to verticallycircularly arranged studdings which extend from theibin base, as by starting the respective siding boards at every other studding so that: no two joints of the respective boards will meetat thesameplace on any of the studdings. w s i A further object provldeslaying the superimposed siding in a` horizontal plane Y around the bin, which, utilizes the tensile `strength of the wood of the siding boards, such` tensile strength of the wood being utilized because pressure from within the bin against the inner layeroi' siding boards tends to pull the same lengthwise thereof, which, in consequence y thereof, the tensile strength of the wood inthe siding `boards is utillzed to thereby strengthen the bin.

These bins of the invention are generally erected from some forty feet to sixty feet in height and have a diameter of from twenty-two to forty feet and the invention uses only ship lap` siding for the sides of the bin, that isa `siding having overlapping edges, the lower type or the forty foot high bins having preferably two layers of shiplap siding sheets applied thereto, whilethe higher, or sixty foot binshave threesuperimposed layers of such shiplap siding, which siding boards of course form the outer wallsof the bins.V A A further object of the invention provides the respective upright studdings to whichi the ship-` lap siding boards are nailed, to be embedded in the ground at their lower ends and further having their lower portions embeddedwithin the concrete which goes to make upthe base of the Afurther object of me invention provides a U-shaped bolt which, in the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 5, is adapted to be attached 1as between every otherV pair of studs to brackets mounted on the inner edges of the studdings just above the concrete baseI whereby the lower ends of the brackets are embedded within the concrete base for purposes of strength.

Another objectas seen in the modied form shows an opening at the center of the base, which opening leads to the auger box or screw conveyor, the opening being closed by a slidable cover plate operable by a leverpivotally mounted at the outer side of the bin to admit grain within the binto descend to the grain auger or conveyor.

A further object provides a particular type gage `which is used to place the respective studdings atan equal distance from the center of the bin and in a true perpendicular arrangement.

The invention is illustrated in the 4accompanying drawings in which: l

Fig; 1 is a vertical sectional view through the center of the bin andlooking into the interior thereof;

Fig 2f is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-`2o,fr1g.1; l f

Fig. 3 is a partial vertical sectional view taken through `the base ofthe bin of the form. of Fig. 1; Y Fig. 4 is an enlarged view insection of a portion of one side of the base and the lower side of thebin; l Fig. 5 is a section taken `on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4; Y l l Figt is an enlarged fhorizontalsectional view of :a portion ofa segment of the bin side, Aand looking `dowtnthereon` and` showing the U-bolt arrangement between every other pair of studs; Figi? is'an' enlarged iviewinsection of two of the studs and shwingthemanner in which the U -bolts are iixedtor'the studdings, and having the lower end thereof embedded inthe co'ncreteloase` oi` the form of the invention shown `in 1i 8 is asectionff`taken on the line `8``L8fof ranged?` 1- Fig. 11 is a sectional view on the line 22--22 of Fig. 21;

Fig. 12 is an enlarged View of a portion of the side of the bin showing the manner in which two layers of shiplap siding are arranged;

Fig. 13 is a sectional View taken on the line 24-24 of Fig. 23.

Referring specifically to the drawings in which like numerals are used to designate similar parts throughout the various views, and referring more speciiically to the construction of the storage bin shown in Figs. 1 to 5, the bin is shown as consisting of a concrete base preferably of two concrete layers, that is, an upper layer designated 6 and a lower layer designated l, the lower layer 1 being provided with a circumferential downwardly extending flange portion 8, which portionY of the lower base lies within a circular trench 9,-

which trench 9 has been dug prior to the pouring of the lower layer of the base. The upper flange of the lower base layer whichlies outside of the Ywall of the bin is sloped downwardly 'as seen at acoger? five inches in width it will be seen that all of the joints indicated at 26 lwill be spaced laterally with respect to each other and no two joints will fall in the saine line, so to speak.

The studdings I2 are extended upwardly and have their upper ends beveled olf as at 21 to prevent any grain from lodging on the tops of the studdings. The shiplap siding boards are nailed to the studdings I2 as by nails 20 upwardly of their entire length, being nailed from the outside to the studdings, and after the layers of siding have been nailed up to the tops of the rst length of studdings I2. Thereafter, a second length of studdings. shown'at 28,v have their Ylow'ei4V ends 29 "overlapping three rows of the shiplap siding to which they are nailed in positions intermediate die studdings l2 and from then on the shiplap siding is nailed to the upper studdings 2B to their Y' full lengths.

I0 so that water running down the sides of "the".` v

tical 2" x 4 studs -I2,which are properly spaced as by :gage devices later to be described. The lower ends of the studdings are set in the holes which are dug into the ground to 1a depth of twenty-six inches. After the studs I2 have thus been placed -in their proper relation and after being plumbed, the lower layer 1 'of the concrete base is poured whereby .'the studs are yanchored within the concrete base at Vtheir lower ends.

However', before 4the Vstuds I2 are finally put into place, on every other adjacent pair thereof, throughout the entire circumference ofthe bin, are placed-on the inner facing surfaces thereof a bracket or plate I3 which is preferably bolted to vthe narrow sides of the studs as by bolts I4,

4the plates vI3 Jhaving secured 'thereto a socket member i5 "as by' a web '16. The socket'member is of course hollow and is adapted to receive the upper end of *a U-shaped bolt I1, that is, each of the socket members on two adjacentstuddings receive the upper y'ends of the `-Ushaped bolts V-I1. The upper ends of the U-bolts I'I are threadeda's lat I8 to receive a washer I9 and nut 120 'tofsupport the U-'bolt 1in bolted position .to the. Studldings. Thereafter, when the upper-layer 6 vof 'the concrete base is poured the :lower portions 2l of the U-shaped bolt is embedded the concrete to 'add strength to the baseo'f the` bin. The sideof the bin comprises tworla-yers yof shipiap, siding, the said sidingbeing one inch thick by eight inches wide by sixteen feet long, the said siding `'being applied as -best seen in Fig. 4, whereinY the lowermost board of the inner. layer is designated 22 and the next adjacent shiplap siding designated V23, all ofjthe inner layer of shiplap siding being of an eightinc'hwidth. Now the siding board 24 ofthe lowermost outside layer is only five inches in Vwidth andall succeeding sid-v ing boarders are-"of 'the usual eight incnwidtn Every other pair of studdings 28 at their upper extremities have attached thereto wooden platesv 29 which are provided with recesses or Acu't-out'portions 30, the respective pairs of Ystudding 28 being bridged by a plate 3| secured thereto at its opposite e'nds. The recesses 30 are adapted to receiverthe ende-portions 32 of slanting rafters l33, which rafters are of the usual construction of the type used in supporting roofs. The inner 'ends Yof the rafters are spiked to a medial supporting beam 34 which extends through the middle ydiameter of the bin. A bin roof 35 of wood is applied to therafters` in `a known manner and slope from the upper beam 34 toward the respective Vopposite sides of the bin.

Referring more particularly vto Figs. 10 to 413 inclusive, will depict the manner in which the shiplap siding is laid.and Figs. l0 and ll `show the method and manner of llaying a bin having lthree superimposed layers of shiplap siding. Thus, refferring to the innermost layer, theV siding boards 36 are 'each vone inch thick, eight yinches wide and sixteen feet long. In therniddle layer of the shiplap boards it will be seen that the lowermo'st boardf of thislayer .is but two and one-half inches wide, the next succeeding boards 31 of this layer being of the usualeightinch width, while Ythe lowermo'st board 38 'of the *outer Vlayer :is Jive and one-half :inches in'wdth, the' next succeeding board 38'ab being the usual eight iehwidth. Therefore, zii-fwlill'be seen that vwhen the vshiplap siding is 'laidas Yshown in Fig. S11 that none 4of the 'interengagin'g edges-of the respective `layersane:in alignmenti .in other words they are fall out of alignment which 'provides for the prevention 4of possible water leakage-atfthe vjoints in addition to strengtheningthe binsdes. A

'f It vwill Yreadily be 4understood that the sides of the 1bin-fare made v`f-roniffa Yplurality'- of. vertically respective `boards-'Eil -landt arein"tightfrictional arranged courses of superimposed siding Vboards with ithe'fface portions of the boards/ef there- 'spective .layers lyingin close ii-tting -frictional-or rubbing contact with the nextV succeeding layers. Thus, referring -=specilflcally to vFigs.v loja-nd 1.1'. it will be noted? that the inner faces o'rthe contact Vwith theoiiftersurfac'es ofthelinner 'lay'-y eriof -boards .36, fand :further that the 'inner surfaces'of the boards 39 fand 139 are. in flat'frfic-` ti'chally spaced horizontal layer'o'f siding boards:

The described .superimposed laye-rs, of .the siding bin, because, it can readily be fseen that if a bin be lled with grain, forexample, then, the extreme pressure which is `naturally exertedout- Wardly on the layers of the` innermost siding boards would ltend to ,bulgef `orspread the same outwardly, but this is prevented.' because, when such a condition arises the friction between the respective layersofsiding boards comes into play and such friction between the boards increases as the inner `pressure increases, whereby the greater the pressure from within the bin, the greater the pressure that is created between the flat friction sides of the boards, which tends to increase the strength of the` bin sides, and the only way `in which the4 bin side `could burst or be destroyed would befor the siding boards to break in half or rupture in a vertical planeor further for the nailed ends of the siding boards to pull horizontally away from the nails, but this is practically impossible because of the friction created between the respective boards and further because the longitudinal tensile strength of veach siding board is being utilized in the horizontal pull directed to the boards as a consequence of the high pressure within the bin and again the friction between the respective layers is greatly increased to withstand any pressure from within the bin. It will further be noted that the siding boards forming the bin sides are attached to only the outer faces of the vertical studs, and this is important, because if the siding boards were yattached say to the inner faces of ithe vertical studs, then, the extreme pressure within the bin when filled with grain would be transmitted from the sides almost directly to the vertical studs and therefore the vertical studs of such a construction would have to be much stronger than if, as in the application, fthe sides are attached to only the outer faces of the studs, which, when pressure is applied from within against the sides of the bin creates only a pulling action against the studs, which pulling action is counteracted by the friction created between the various layers of siding boards.

In the two layer construction of Figs. 12 and 13, and shown also in Fig. 4, and heretofore referred to, the innermost boards 22 are all eight inches in width, while the lower board 24 of the outermost layer is but five and one-half inches in width, and when laid as shown all of the joints as seen at 26 are out of alignment for the purpose heretofore described. Therefore I have devised a unique method of laying the shiplap siding so that the joints along the joining edges of the boards are broken.

The concrete base of the bin is provided with a channel-shaped auger box 38 extending diametrically across one diameter of the bin into which is mounted a screw type auger 39 supported at its center in a fixed bearing 40 and the auger can be driven by motors (not shown) near the ends of each section of auger, the respective ends of the auger extending outwardly through the side of the bin.

After the studdings have been set in a. true circle rthe next step is to apply to the studdings two or three layers of the shiplap to about the Width of four boards high. Next put a light cable, having two or three turnbuckles fitted at spaced points within the same, around the studdings just above the upper layer of shiplap and then draw it up tight and from time to time work it up as the shiplap is progressively applied. This keeps the studding from getting out of line.

,The next step is to dig the trench 9 to a. width of one foot inside the 'studs andone foot outside of the studs, of course digging `the ground" out between the studs Next, `the `U-bolts `II are applied to the brackets I6, which` brackets have been applied to` the studs l2 prior to their beingset. i t

The next step is ,to pour the concrete base in the trench 9 and building it up toa distance at the edges of about `theheight of two or three shiplap boards, being sure to slope the base outwardlylas seen in Fig. 1. The trench 9 is filled first with concrete and let set before the interior base of the bin is poured. When the upper layer 6 of the concrete base is poured it envelops the portions of the studs 12 just above the lower concrete layer and also surrounds the U-shaped boltA brac'eswhich are nally embedded therein for a distance just below the supporting brackets I3.

Of course during the pouring of the lower base layer a form can be built to define the outer side of the bin base.

The invention has been illustrated in preferred embodiments but is not intended that the same should be limited thereto, but is capable of modilication and variation within the scope of the following claims.

The merits of this bin is that it employs the tensile strength of wood which is very important, and further the bin is constructed entirely of wood, the siding being of wood which turns rain or water better than metal which latter condenses moisture and causes mould.

What I claim is:

1. A grain storage bin comprising a concrete base, vertical studs mounted in and extending above the base, said studs being placed in a, true circle, said bin including a wall consisting of at least two superimposed layers of siding boards, each layer of siding boards comprising a plurality of siding boards placed horizontally around and attached to the outer surfaces of the studs, the longitudinal joints of the boards in one layer being in staggered relation to the longitudinal joints of the boards in the next adjacent layer, and the ends of abutting boards of one layer being staggered vertically in respect to the ends of the boards of the adjacent layer.

2. A grain storage bin comprising a concrete base, vertical studs mounted in and extending above the base, anchor bolts comprising end portions, each end portion thereof being secured to a stud, said anchor bolts extending downwardly from said end portions and having a loop portion, the loop portion being imbedded in the concrete base, said studs and anchor bolts being placed in a true circle, said bin including a. Wall consisting of at least two superimposed layers of siding boards, each layer of siding boards comprising a plurality of siding boards placed horizontally around and attached to the outer surfaces of the studs, the longitudinal joints of the boards in one layer being in staggered relation to the longitudinal joints of the boards in the next adjacent layer, and the ends of abutting boards of one layer being staggered vertically in respect to the ends of the boards of the adjacent layer.

3. A grain storage bin comprising a concrete base, vertical studs mounted in and extending above the base, said studs being placed in a true circle, said bin including a wall consisting of at least two layers of siding boards, each layer of siding boards comprising a plurality of siding boards placed horizontally around and attached to theqout'e'r vfaces fof the -studs, fthe :uterssurfaee of the inner layer :of the nsding boardsbeing in frctonal contact with vthe inner surface .of :the outer layer of siding `boa-rds, 'fthe longitudina'l jontsf the'hoardsinone layer -being in stag,-k gered relation to the longitudinal joints l.of the next. adj aoentlayer, andfthe-,endsof ftheabutting boards :of -one layer being staggered -.ver.tcally in respect to the'endsiof y the:hoarclsfo :ghe adjacent layer.

, JQSEBH Gamma References Cited :in the 'le of ,this patent 'UNITED :STATES PATENTS Name '..Date

Number Number -Na'me eDate Turner June 14, `:1904: yKur-tz June 27, {.1911 Harry Oot. 19, .1915 :Holmes Nov. 27,191?? Vorse MayBO, 1922 Anderson 'Eeb. 9, :1926 Karp Aug. -'7, :19,34 .Carlson Nov. 9, 1.937

FOREIGN PATENTS CQunbry Pate Great Britain A of 1924-3 :OTHER :REFERENCES flesleptember, 41.911,.L pages 19723. 

